<> Euploea core (Cramer,1780) <>

the Common Indian Crow ผีเสื้อจรกาหนอนยี่โถ

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Photo taken at Doi Suthep-Pui National Park, Chiang Mai, Thailand. 450m a.s.l.

A very common and widespread species, probably due to its wide choice of acceptable larval and adult food sources. Slow gliding flight. There are only minor differences in colour and markings between sexes. In early morning the males often congregate with some other Danaid species to feed on pyrrolizidine alkaloids oozing from the stems and seed pods of Senna bushes. This species often roosts in small groups of 10 or so. Multivoltine with several generations each year.

Synonyms and previously used names: Euploea siamensis, Euploea andamanensis, Euploea layardi, Euploea charox, Euploea bumila, Euploea defigurata, Euploea bauermanni, Euploea distanti, Euploea alcathoe, Euploea subdita, Crastia binghami, Crastia prunosa, Crastia circuita, Crastia tonkinensis, Euploea godarti, Euploea orontobate, Danais amymone, Chirosa fuscosa

Taxonomy: Animalia - Arthropoda - Insecta - Lepidoptera - Nymphalidae - Danainae - Euploea - core

Regional Distribution: India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, China, Taiwan, Malaysia

Habitat: wide range of rural and urban habitats up to 2700m a.s.l. Wingspan: 75-85mm

Flight time: all year depending on location

Life History: egg 3 days instar 1 3 days instar 2 2 days instar 3 3 days instar 4 3 days instar 5 3 days pupa 13 days Total egg to adult 28-30 days. All times approximate. Note: records show considerable differences in lifecycle times between wet and dry seasons.

Larval Hosts: Aganosma cymosa, Allamanda cathartica, Anodendron parviflorum, Asclepias curassavica, Calotropis gigantea, Carissa carandas, Carissa spinarum, Cascabela thevetia, Cerbera manghas, Ceropegia cumingiana, Ceropegia glabriflora, Cryptolepis buchanani, Cryptolepis sinensis, Cryptostegia grandiflora, Cryptostegia madagascariensis, Gomphocarpus fruticosus, Gomphocarpus physocarpus, Gymnanthera oblonga, Gymnema sylvestre, Hemidesmus indicus, Holarrhena pubescens, Hoya archboldiana, Hoya australis, Hoya carnosa, Hoya cumingiana, Ichnocarpus frutescens, Leptadenia reticulata, Nerium oleander, Ochrosia oppositifolia, Parsonsia alboflavescens, Pentatropis capensis, Plumeria rubra, Secamone elliptica, Secamone emetica, Toxocarpus wightianus, Trachelospermum jasminoides, Urceola rosea, Vincetoxicum carnosum, Vincetoxicum dalzellii, Vincetoxicum indicum, Wrightia antidysenterica (Apocynaceae), Ficus arnottiana, Ficus ampelos, Ficus benghalensis, Ficus benjamina, Ficus drupacea, Ficus hederacea, Ficus melinocarpa, Ficus microcarpa, Ficus nervosa, Ficus pandurata, Ficus pumila, Ficus pyriformis, Ficus racemosa, Ficus religiosa, Ficus tinctoria, Ficus variolosa, Ficus virens, Streblus asper (Moraceae), Mimusops elengi (Sapotaceae), Gaillardia pulchella (Asteraceae), Aphananthe cuspidata (Cannabaceae), Ayenia elegans (Malvaceae), Barleria prionitis (Acanthaceae). Actual host plant used depends upon location and availabilty of plant species.

Adult Food Sources: Nectar - Celosia argentea (Amaranthaceae), Adenostemma lavenia, Ageratina adenophora, Ageratum conyzoides, Bidens pilosa, Chromolaena odorata, Cosmos bipinnatus, Cosmos sulphureus, Crassocephalum cerpidioides, Gynura nitida, Helichrysum bracteatum, Lagascea mollis, Mikania micrantha, Parthenium hysterophorus, Tagetes erecta, Taraxacum javanicum, Tridax procumbens, Vernonia conyzoides, Youngia japonica, Zinnia elegans (Asteraceae), Rhamnus wightii, Ziziphus mauritiana, Ziziphus oenoplia (Rhamnaceae), Clerodendrum infortunatum, Leucas lamiifolia, Plectranthus barbatus, Premna latifolia, Rotheca serrata, Tectona grandis, Vitex negundo (Lamiaceae), Ehretia laevis, Ehretia pubescens, Heliotropium indicum, Trichodesma indicum, Trichodesma zeylanica (Boraginaceae), Euphorbia milii, Euphorbia rothiana, Jatropha gossypiifolia (Euphorbiaceae), Albizia lebbeck, Bauhinia purpurea, Bauhinia variegata, Caesalpinia pulcherrima, Cassia fistula, Crotalaria retusa, Cytisus scoparius, Dalbegia sissoo, Gliricidia sepium, Libidibia coriaria, Pterocarpus santalinus (Fabaceae), Ixora arborea, Ixora coccinea, Wendlandia coriacea (Rubiaceae), Alstonia scholaris, Carissa carandas, Carissa spinarum, Nerium odorum (Apocynacae), Duranta repens, Lantana camara, Stachytarpheta indica, Verbena rigida (Verbenaceae), Cestrum aurantiacum, Solanum mauritianum (Solanaceae), Hypericum japonicum, Hypericum mysorense (Hypericaceae), Justicia adhatoda, Justicia japonica, Pseuderanthemum reticulatum (Acanthaceae), Hibiscus rosa, Sida acuta (Malvaceae), Oplismenus undulatifolius (Poaceae), Oxalis latifolia (Oxalidaceae), Verbascum thapsus (Scrophulariaceae), Azadirachta indica, Trichilia connaroides (Meliaceae), Nothapodytes nimmoniana (Icacinaceae), Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, Syzygium cumini (Myrtaceae), Oenothera rosea (Onagraceae), Prinsepia utilis, Rubus ellipticus (Rosaceae), Anacardium occidentale (Anacardiaceae), Antigonon leptopus (Polygonaceae), Santalum album (Santalaceae), Sapindus emarginatus (Sapindaceae), Terminalia catappa, Terminalia pallida (Combretaceae), Murraya koenigii, Zanthoxylum avicennae (Rutaceae), Antirrhinum majus (Plantaginaceae), Melastoma malabathricum, Osbeckia crinita (Melastomataceae), Acer campbellii (Aceraceae), Alnus nepalensis (Betulaceae), Cyananthus incanus (Campanulaceae), Rhododendron falconeri (Ericaceae), Engelhardia spicata (Juglandaceae), Machilus odoratissima (Lauraceae), Dendrobium candidum (Orchidaceae), Fragaria nubicola (Rosaceae). Other - mud puddling, rotting fruit.